So you want to work for a startup (a company in the first stages of operations) or a small business? Have you ever wondered what a startup founder wants in the people who work for her?

What goes on your resume is the deciding factor when applying for any job, but with startups it can be even more important.

Ultimately, what the CEO wants is what’s going to result in a successful job search. Understanding her perspective is critical to acing your startup resume and breaking into this world.

What Do Startups Want?

The Googles of the world, with giant HR departments full of hiring managers and armies of engineers with years of experience, can afford to hire for pure potential and then polish that potential through extensive training.

Startup founders can actually be pickier than, yes, even Google. They’re hiring the one perfect new employee who can make or break their organizations — and they need that person to contribute immediately.

No pressure, right?

What Do Startups Want on Your Resume?

So what does all this mean for your chances of getting a startup job?

Startups want it all in their early employees, so it’s up to you to give it to them!

The best way to do that is to strike a balance between these five tensions inherent in a startup’s hiring wishlist:

1) Big Company Experience vs. Startup Experience

Startups tend to fetishize big company experience even more than big companies themselves. Why? Because so much of a startup’s future is unpredictable, they’re routinely evaluated on their only known asset: their employees. Many Silicon Valley pitch decks start with a description of the team’s background (“Ex-Apple, Ex-Google, Ex-Facebook”) before they even get to the startup’s product.

Being able to list a well-known brand name on your resume is like catnip to a status-hungry founder. Even if it was just an internship or a freelance project, being able to say that “My new developer cut her teeth at Amazon” lets her bask in the halo of your former employer.

The totally ironic thing about this big company idolatry is that big company working styles are dead wrong for startups. If a former employee of a tech giant walks into a startup, expecting to specialize in one very focused area and then delegate her work to a giant team of underlings, she’s in for a rude awakening.

Startups tend to run crazy lean at first, meaning that everyone wears multiple hats and there’s no one else to do the work except for the person staring at you in the mirror.

Startups also want to see that you’ve got experience with entrepreneurship on your resume and in your cover letter. Think of it as evidence that you’ll actually be willing to work the long, stressful hours that startups require. Whether you helped start a club in college or launched some cool projects on the side, founders and co-founders want to be sure that you haven’t gotten too soft in your cushy big company environs.

2) Results vs. Personality

Startups need someone to come in and hit the ground running. They want to see a track record of results in a candidate’s work experience — not just potential. The very best startup resumes are going to include detailed proof of what you’ve actually accomplished.

Here are two ways to demonstrate your past success:

Quantify the accomplishment: List specific, numerical outcomes that came directly from your work (“shipped an app three months ahead of schedule,” “increased page views 27%”)

Brand the accomplishment: Even if you don’t have a specific number to share, you can increase your bullet point’s impressiveness by dropping a fancy brand name or title into the story (“partnered with Disney to roll out the new site,” “worked with the CEO to develop a content strategy”)

At the same time startup founders seek result-generating mercenaries who match their lofty job descriptions, they also want to hire job seekers with a little personality. If they’re going to be to elbow-to-elbow with you in the startup trenches, just talking about work is going to get old.

Showcasing your passion during your job hunt — whether for organizing a kickball league or collecting rare tequilas — is critical for making this case: “Hey, you wouldn’t mind spending more time with me than your significant other!” Make sure that the Additional section on your resume is just as robust and interesting as your Experience section, not a cliched afterthought: “Interested in books, tech, and long walks on the beach.”

3) Clarity vs. Chaos

We’ve already discussed how time-starved startup employees are. That means when it comes time to review resumes and job applications, no potential employers are going to spend hours trying to decipher your resume and figure out exactly what “Configured the DJI protocol for the alpha launch” really means.

The onus is on you to be crystal clear with your bullet points. No jargon from a different industry, no weird acronyms specific to your former employer, and pretty much nothing that your mother wouldn’t understand. If the startup recruiter doesn’t get it in ten seconds, she’s already gone.

A startup company also doesn’t want someone who’s too straight and narrow. If all your bullets are super orderly from a template (“I downloaded the data, applied the preset algorithm, and uploaded the results”), that can be suggestive of a person who’s not equipped to handle the potential chaos of the startup experience.

The most predictable thing about startups is just how unpredictable they are — you never know when a bug will wipe out your database or a major new deal will change your company’s whole business.

As much as startup recruiters look for clarity and easy-to-follow logic, they also need someone who can deviate from the plan, should the circumstances call for it. That means including bullets about times that you’ve made sense of ambiguous data, worn different hats to help your team out, or even led major changes yourself — because all those stories speak to your ability to thrive under full-time entropy.

4) Keywords vs. Portfolio

Remember that big company hiring process we mentioned at the beginning? A recruiter there has the luxury of looking for general talent (e.g., someone with a background in CS but not necessarily expertise in the company’s specific language) because she can always have them trained in the new language, post-hire.

Unfortunately for the startup recruiter, she doesn’t have access to the same window of time or training resources — she needs someone who can commit code on Day 1 of her new job. And that means she needs to be incredibly precise with her resume search (e.g., looking specifically for Bootstrap or AngularJS).

Which means that you, the aspiring startup employee, need to list those specific keywords on your resume. Even if you only have basic knowledge of the particular skill, make sure it’s listed — because its mere presence can be the difference between getting an interview and getting stuck in resume limbo for eternity.

Even if you get past the initial keyword screen, you’re not necessarily destined for startup greatness yet. That’s because startups can afford to be picky with their one hire. Even if you’ve got the right keywords, a startup recruiter may dig a little deeper and check out the actual quality of your work.

If your work lives only on your hard drive, you’re out of luck. But if you’ve taken the critical step of bringing it online — be it through GitHub, Behance, LinkedIn, social media, or your own personal site — you’re back in the game. Make sure that you include a link to your portfolio on your resume to provide depth beyond the mere mention of the right keywords.

5) Functional Expertise vs. Industry Passion

Another thing that gives startup recruiters some peace of mind is knowing that you’ve already done the exact job they’re hiring for. Just like startups themselves, your future performance is unknowable except through extrapolating your past performance. For better or worse, your past titles become mental shortcuts to your past performance.

For example, if your most recent title said “Programmer — Level 1,” a recruiter may not be sure what that actually means relative to her “Front End Developer” role. But if your last title said “Front End Developer,” well, bingo! You’ve clearly done the job before, so there’s no reason to believe that you couldn’t do it again. She can quickly check the “Functional Expertise” box in her mental checklist and move on to other questions.

While demonstrating functional expertise is a great start to the hiring process, it’s often not enough for a startup that’s holding out for the whole enchilada. That means you want to complement it by also demonstrating passion and knowledge for the startup’s specific industry.

Let’s say a recruiter at an educational technology startup is considering two candidates for a front end role. Both candidates have prior experience here. But only one listed this on their resume: “I help run my local EdTech Meetup, given my love for all things education.” Who do you think the recruiter is going to choose? That’s why it’s critical to demonstrate both functional expertise AND industry passion — not just one or the other.

What You Can Do to Make Startups Want You

Clearly, that’s a lot to ask for in one resume. Startups have everything riding on this decision. Unlike their big company peers, who can afford to hire 100 pretty-good-but-not-perfect candidates, a startup’s fate really does hang in the balance with each of their early hires.

Your job search goal shouldn’t be to include every single item listed above on your resume. Instead, sympathize with the plight of the startup founder and recruiter. Understand what they really care about so that you can speak their language and assuage their concerns.

If you can show them that you appreciate the stakes of their decision and that you can bear the responsibility of being that make-or-break hire, then chances are they’ll start to see you as part of the tribe: the few, the crazy, and the brave who are willing to risk it all to build something new!

Understanding the Startup Hiring Process

Many people assume it’s easier to get a job in startups than big companies — after all, everyone knows about Google but a small startup may fly under the radar

However, in practice, startups may actually be choosier than their big company brethren for three reasons:

1. They’re only hiring one person, not 100 — so can they hold out for the perfect candidate
2. That one person will have an outsize impact — if it’s the company’s first product manager, they’ll directly control the startup’s fortunes vs. one PM in an army of hundreds
3. They don’t have the time or resources to train the person — so they need someone who can hit the ground running

As a result, it’s critical that you optimize your resume to win against these steep odds.

10 Things Startups Want to See on Your Resume

1. Big Company Experience

Startups are very brand conscious because their own brands are still nascent.
Thus, they love nothing more than to flaunt their team’s pedigree: “Led by engineers from Google, Facebook, and Apple” — leveraging the halo effect from your past employer

2. Startup Experience

At the same time, startups are suspicious that people who’ve spent too much time in big companies have become soft, unwilling to put in the long hours required of a brand-new launch.
So they also want to know that you’ve got the entrepreneurial spirit to carry you through the Trough of Sorrow! :)

3. Track Record of Results

Especially with big company hires, startups are concerned that you’ve just been riding the coat-tails of your fancy pants employer, not actually rolling up your sleeves and accomplishing anything.

So they specifically look to see what did you really do — both the exact work and the outcomes that directly came from what you did (shipped ahead of schedule, earned $XXX revenue)

4. Visual Portfolio

Because seeing is believing, especially for a cynical startup recruiter on their seventh rodeo, the best way to prove your impact is to have a publicly-accessible portfolio.
Whether that’s embedded media on your LinkedIn profile, your GitHub repository, or a Behance collection, startups want a tangible way to assess your work.

5. Identical Job Titles

Another thing that gives startup recruiters some peace of mind is knowing that you’ve done this specific job before.

And the surest-fire way to demonstrate that is to have the exact same job title that they’re hiring for. For example, if the recruiter is looking for a “Front End Developer” and your resume lists that identical title, you’re golden.

6. Clarity

A big company recruiter is likely to give you the benefit of the doubt when reviewing your bullet points because they need to find diamonds in the rough in order to meet their quotas (100 engineer hires this quarter!). Whereas a startup recruiter, tasked with finding only the one perfect candidate, has the luxury of passing anyone who’s not crystal clear.

So if your recruiter has to work hard to understand what you’re talking about (e.g., you’re using acronyms or jargon from another industry), she’s already gone.

7. Industry Knowledge/Passion

Again, the big company recruiter can’t afford to hold out for engineers interested in a specific vertical — she just needs lots of people who can code. Whereas her startup counterpart can wait for someone with both relevant skills and knowledge.

Thus, the perfect startup resume shows that not only can you do the job (“I know Ruby, Python…”) but that you’re passionate about this specific space (“I help run my local EdTech Meetup, given my love for all things education”).

8. Ultra-Specific Keywords

A big company recruiter may search for general talent in an area (“Computer Science”) with the plan to get them up-to-speed post-hire, while the startup recruiter, who can’t hope to train someone through a six-month onboarding process, needs to be incredibly precise with her search (Bootstrap, AngularJS).

So when the recruiter programs her applicant tracking system, she’ll be rejecting some generally qualified candidates if they don’t have the exact skills she needs.

9. Hobbies

In spite of the workaholic nature of startups, they want someone who actually does something outside of work every now and then. And the reason for that is how intense the working environment is.

If you’re going to be elbow-to-elbow with your teammates for 14-hours every day, you’re going to need to talk about something besides code.

Which means that showcasing your passion — whether for organizing a kickball league or collecting rare tequilas — is critical for proving that, “Hey — you wouldn’t mind spending more time with me than your significant other!”

10. Chaos Lover

Perhaps the most predictable thing about the startup experience is just how unpredictable it is — you never know when a bug will wipe out your database or a major new deal will change your company’s whole business. So as much as recruiters look for the above nine things, what they really need is someone who can basically do anything, should the circumstances call for it.

So including bullets about times that you’ve made sense of ambiguous data, worn different hats to help your team out, or even led major changes yourself all speak to this ability to thrive under entropy.

Closing Thoughts

Startups do, indeed, ask for a lot — after all, their very existence depends on making the right hires.

But the goal isn’t to have every possible thing from the above list, but to understand what a startup truly cares about — as evidenced by their resume preferences.

So that way, when you go after your dream job, you do it with an understanding of your audience and a fluency in their crazy, native language!

Jeremy Schifeling is the Founder + Chief Nerd at Break into Tech, a website for anyone who wants to land a rewarding tech job, no matter their background. Skillcrush readers can get free access to the tech resume checklist Jeremy used to screen candidates at LinkedIn and startups.